Mechanism of arc welding

In arc welding, the electrical phenomenon of "arc discharge" is utilized. Arc discharge is a kind of gas discharge phenomenon, which is a current generated in the air. A voltage is applied to the two electrodes that are spatially independent of each other, the insulation of the air is broken, and a current is generated between the two electrodes, and strong light and high heat are emitted at the same time. Arc-like light generated at this time is called "arc", and a welding method using arc heat as a heat source is "arc welding". In arc welding, a positive voltage is applied to an electrode (welding rod or welding wire), and a negative voltage is applied to a base material. Thus, an arc is generated from the base material to the electrode. The output current of the arc is about 5 A to 1,000 A, and the output voltage is about 8 to 40V. The temperature of the arc is about 5,000°C to 20,000°C. The melting temperature of iron is about 1,500°C. The base material and the electrode become high temperature, after the fusion of bonding.

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